Киев Украина дальномерный фотоаппарат, фотокамера, камера , Харьков Харьковский комбинат завод ФЭД Фэликс Эдмундович Дзержинский, FED Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky Commune Kharkov 35mm ukrainian camera
Technical information
Lens name
Focal length
Aperture range
Distance from
Shutter speeds
Mount
FED Industar-10 #10489
50
3,5-18
1,0m
Z, 1/20-1/500
M39
General information
Manufacturer
Ukraine-FED
Remarks
Serial number
10469
The
FED was not only the first 35mm camera in the
former Soviet Union, but is also the earliest Leica copy known. The 0-series of
the FED comprises three cameras, completed on 26th October 1932 and announced in
the 5th November edition of Izvestiya.
The 1927 the Ukrainian police entrusted Makarenko with the task of building the
Dzerzhinsky Workers`Commune in Kharkov. (Named after Felix
Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky
- FED - the founder the Soviet secret police.)
1934 - Engraving Type l,
Labour Commune
Initially there were problems with the lacquer. Several earlier models with
polished surface and smooth leather are known. These early models had no
accessory shoe. Approximately 4000 cameras were produced in the first year.
1935 - Engraving Type ll,
Labour Commune NKVD - Ukr.SSR
In July 1934, responsibility for the police was transferred to NKVD, which was
also responsible for the Dzerzhinsky Commune from then on. This change is
reflected in the addition of 'NKVD - Ukr.SSR' to the engraving. (Ukr. stands for
Ukraine.) Annual production reached 12,000. The 25,000th Fed was produced in
1936.
1939 - Engraving Type lll,
NKVD - USSR (CCCP) Kharkov Kombinat
The commune became a kombinat, which was reflected in another change in the
engraving. The Ukraine lost its independence, which is documented by the change
to 'USSR'.
The same year saw the 100,000th FED. Sovietskoye Foto honoured the occasion with
the announcement that "100,000 Soviet amateurs and professional photographers
now own a Soviet Leica". In September, 1941 the FED factory was evacuated to
Novosibirsk, Siberia, fleeing just a few steps of the advancing German Wehrmacht.
On 25th October 1941 Karkhov was occupied and the factory was completely
destroyed.
1939 - Engraving Type lV,
Factory
Rebuilding started in late 1945 and production was resumed in late 1946. The
kombinat became a factory, which was again reflected in the engraving.
The shutter speeds were altered to the international norm of 1/25, 1/50 etc.,
and B.
1939 - Engraving Type V, and 1953 - Type Vl,
Fed
Logo
The NKVD was reorganised into the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) in 1946.
The well-known FED logo appeared for the first time, initially with the addition
Factory named after F.E.Dzerzhinsky but this was dropped in 1953 On the Type Vl.
Production of the Leica 2 copy continued until 1955. The FEDs produced over the
preceeding 21 years had the following characteristics: ○
On all FED Leica 2 copies, the
engravings on the camera body were not filled with black. The same applied to
the lenses, with the exception of the distance scale on the Elmar copies. ○
No FED Leica 2 copy was synchronised
at the production staghe. ○ All FEDs had a maximum shutter speed of 1/500, with the exception
of a run of around 40 FED-Bs with slow shutter speeds and 1/1000, and the FED-C
with 1/1000 which was produced in small numbers between 1938 and 1941. COMPLETE SET:
○ Camera body
○
Lens
○
Take up spool
○
Case Accessories for Leica Cameras
